![]() A cold war followed, spreading globally and leading to a nuclear standoff. By 1951, Europe was divided into two power blocs, American-led and Soviet-led, each with atomic weapons. Military alliances were formed as the West grouped together as NATO, and the East banded together as the Warsaw Pact. The two nations at war were the United States and the Soviet Union. also offered the Marshall Plan, massive aid package aimed at supporting collapsing economies that were letting communist sympathizers gain power. The Marshall Plan and the Cold War The Marshall Plan and the Cold War Background Key Question Directions Materials Handouts Background The Cold War was mostly fought with words and threats rather than violent acts. pledging to prevent the communists from extending their power, a process that led to the West supporting some terrible regimes. countered with the Truman Doctrine, with its policy of containment to stop communism spreading-it also turned the world into a giant map of allies and enemies, with the U.S. ![]() The West feared a communist invasion, physical and ideological, that would turn them into communist states with a Stalin-style leader-the worst possible option-and for many, it caused fear over the likelihood of mainstream socialism, too.
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